Material
Merino wool wicks away moisture and keeps the feet dry. It is also naturally antimicrobial (resistant to odors) and insulating-making it a great choice for cold-weather hiking.
Synthetic fabrics tend to be more durable-making synthetic hiking socks a solid choice for rugged terrain or extended hikes. They are also more quick drying than wool, which aids in preventing blisters when hiking in wetter areas.
Cushioning
Rugged, rocky, or uneven terrain calls for a sock with more cushioning to protect the feet from impact and prevent injury. For those with sensitive feet, high arches, or other foot issues, a sock with more cushioning provides added support and reduces the risk of pain or injury.
Ultimately, some hikers prefer more or less cushioning in their socks simply based on their own comfort preferences. Though always keep in mind the specific hiking conditions you expect to encounter.
Height
The four most common hiking sock heights are: ankle/no show; quarter; crew; and over-the-calf.
No-Show/Ankle Height
These socks sit just above the ankle bone and offer minimal coverage. The most low-cut option available, they are a smart choice for warm-weather hiking or individuals who prefer a minimalist feel. These are preferred by trail runners and hot–weather hikers.
Quarter Height
Quarter height extends just above the ankle bone and provides a bit more coverage and support. They are a versatile option that can be worn in a variety of conditions. These socks are preferred by day hikers of moderate trails.
Crew Height
Crew height extends to the mid calf. They are a good choice for colder weather hiking or for hikers who prefer extra coverage and support. These are a great option for backpacking trips or long days of hiking in rugged terrain where you want added support and protection.
Over-the-Calf Height
These socks extend up to the knee and provide the most coverage and support of all heights. They aren't as common, or necessary, for most hikes, but they are an effective choice for cold-weather hiking and individuals who require extra support or compression for their lower legs. They are preferred by mountaineers and winter backpackers due to their maximum coverage.
Fit
Proper fit is crucial to preventing chafing and discomfort on the trail. Further, blisters and a multitude of other foot pain possibilities can arise from socks that are either too loose or too tight.
Hiking socks should have a snug fit. There should be no wrinkles or bunching, which will cause blisters and discomfort. The toe box should have enough room to wiggle your toes comfortably, and the heel should fit snugly and not slip. There should also be adequate arch support without being too tight or restrictive.
To tell if a hiking sock is the right fit, wear them around the house for a bit and look for any bunching, wrinkles, or hotspots.
